8/14/2023 0 Comments 1.5 volt battery chemistry![]() ![]() Obscure type sometimes used in 'pen flashlights' or electronic glucose meters. Sometimes enclosed like a normal battery but sometimes a stack of eight LR932 button cells shrink wrapped together. Used in small RF devices such as key fob-style garage door openers and keyless entry systems where only infrequent pulse current is used. Many (not all) 9 V batteries are an array of 6 reversed-polarity (nub is negative while can is positive) AAAA cells welded together internally This battery is more common in Europe than North America. A table of older, obsolete, and uncommon-availability batteries types and sizes can be found below this table. Batteries for obsolete portable vacuum tubes devices for example, are not listed. Note that there were other sizes other than those listed in this table which are no longer available due to either a decline in popularity or changing technological needs. The following table is a list of battery sizes which are currently available in modern society. On the other hand, with obscure battery types, the name of a specific brand will sometimes become the most common name for that battery type, as other manufacturers copy or modify the name so that customers recognize it. In this article, brand-specific names have been purposefully omitted to avoid confusion. For example, if a remote control needs a new battery and the battery compartment has the label, "Replace with CX472 type battery," many customers will buy that specific brand, not realizing that this is simply a brand name for a common type of battery. ![]() Often this is done to steer customers towards a specific brand, and away from competing or generic brands, by obfuscating the common name. Volatile: Chance of explosion if short circuited, allowed to overheat, or not manufactured with rigorous quality standards.īattery naming is further confused by the practice of manufacturers that assign novel names and numbers to their batteries, disregarding common, colloquial, IEC, and ANSI naming conventions (see LR44 battery as an example). Loses 5%-10% of its storage capacity every year from the time of manufacture whether it's used or not. Very common in laptop computers, moderate to high-end digital cameras and camcorders, and cellphones. Not usually available in "common" battery sizes (but see RCR-V3 for a counter-example). Newer chemistry has low self-discharge rate, but also a ~25% lower energy density. Traditional chemistry has high energy density, but also a high rate of self-discharge. Suffers from memory effect (which sometimes causes early failure) Rechargeable battery chemistries (in order of increasing energy density) Chemistry Only used commercially in 'button' cells. 'Lithium' alone usually refers to this type of chemistry.īanned in most countries because of health concerns. ![]() Only used in high-drain devices or for long shelf life due to very low rate of self discharge. (zinc-manganese dioxide/oxy nickel hydroxide) Primary battery chemistries (in order of increasing energy density) Chemistry This summary is only for types relating to battery "sizes". For a more complete list see battery types. Many new battery sizes refer to both the batteries' size and chemistry, while older names do not. Non-rechargeable lithium-chemistry batteries, which provide exceptionally high energy density, produce about 1.5 V per cell and are thus similar to alkaline batteries. Conversely, lithium-ion rechargeable batteries output 3.7 V per cell, 23% higher than a pair of alkaline cells (3 V), which they are often designed to replace. Some devices may not operate properly with these cells, given the 16% reduction in voltage, but most modern ones handle them well. ![]() Rechargeable NiCd and NiMH typically output 1.25 V per cell. New battery chemistries have strained older naming conventions. Older batteries were mostly based on rechargeable lead-acid or non-rechargeable alkaline chemistries, with nominal voltages in increments of 1.5 Volts, each representing one individual electrochemical cell. Batteries of different types will usually not have the same dimensions and terminal layout. Thus the term "size" has become interchangeable with "type". This article refers to common battery types and sizes in household and light industrial use.īattery size generally refers to the shape, voltage, and terminal layout of a battery. ![]()
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